What is the role of the International Traffic in Arms Regulations (ITAR)?

The International Traffic in Arms Regulations (ITAR) plays a crucial role in the management and oversight of the export and import of defense articles and services. It is primarily concerned with ensuring that any transfer of defense-related items and associated technology adheres to national security and foreign policy interests of the United States. ITAR specifically requires U.S. government authorization for the export of defense articles, which include firearms, military vehicles, and various military technologies, thereby preventing unauthorized access to sensitive military information and capabilities by foreign entities. This regulatory framework is vital for maintaining national security and controlling the proliferation of military assets globally, which directly aligns with the option that outlines its role in regulating defense articles and services.